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Posted By

wizard04 on 06/24/08


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regex email url javascript parse validation uri mailto address


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Regular Expressions For URI Validation/Parsing

 / Published in: Regular Expression
 

(Supported by JavaScript, maybe other languages)

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  1. //replace() can be used to parse the URI. For example, to get the path:
  2. //  path = uri.replace(regexUri, "$5$6");
  3.  
  4. //****************************************************//
  5. //***************** Validate a URI *******************//
  6. //****************************************************//
  7. //- The different parts are kept in their own groups and can be recombined
  8. //  depending on the scheme:
  9. //  - http as $1://$3:$4$5?$7#$8
  10. //  - ftp as $1://$2@$3:$4$5
  11. //  - mailto as $1:$6?$7
  12. //- groups are as follows:
  13. //  1   == scheme
  14. //  2   == userinfo
  15. //  3   == host
  16. //  4   == port
  17. //  5,6 == path (5 if it has an authority, 6 if it doesn't)
  18. //  7   == query
  19. //  8   == fragment
  20.  
  21. var regexUri = /^([a-z0-9+.-]+):(?://(?:((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)@)?((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)(?::(\d*))?(/(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@/]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)?|(/?(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})+(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@/]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)?)(?:\?((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:/?@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*))?(?:#((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:/?@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*))?$/i;
  22. /*composed as follows:
  23. 	^
  24. 	([a-z0-9+.-]+):							#scheme
  25. 	(?:
  26. 		//							#it has an authority:
  27. 		(?:((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)@)?	#userinfo
  28. 		((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)		#host
  29. 		(?::(\d*))?						#port
  30. 		(/(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@/]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)?	#path
  31. 		|
  32. 									#it doesn't have an authority:
  33. 		(/?(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})+(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@/]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)?	#path
  34. 	)
  35. 	(?:
  36. 		\?((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:/?@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)	#query string
  37. 	)?
  38. 	(?:
  39. 		#((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:/?@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)	#fragment
  40. 	)?
  41. 	$
  42. */
  43.  
  44. //****************************************************//
  45. //** Validate a URI (includes delimiters in groups) **//
  46. //****************************************************//
  47. //- The different parts--along with their delimiters--are kept in their own
  48. //  groups and can be recombined as $1$6$2$3$4$5$7$8$9
  49. //- groups are as follows:
  50. //  1,6 == scheme:// or scheme:
  51. //  2   == userinfo@
  52. //  3   == host
  53. //  4   == :port
  54. //  5,7 == path (5 if it has an authority, 7 if it doesn't)
  55. //  8   == ?query
  56. //  9   == #fragment
  57.  
  58. var regexUriDelim = /^(?:([a-z0-9+.-]+:\/\/)((?:(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)@)?((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)(:(?:\d*))?(\/(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@\/]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)?|([a-z0-9+.-]+:)(\/?(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})+(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@\/]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)?)(\?(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:\/?@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)?(#(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:\/?@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)?$/i;
  59.  
  60. //****************************************************//
  61. //***************** Validate a URL *******************//
  62. //****************************************************//
  63. //Validates a URI with an http or https scheme.
  64. //- The different parts are kept in their own groups and can be recombined as
  65. //  $1://$2:$3$4?$5#$6
  66. //- Does not validate the host portion (domain); just makes sure the string
  67. //  consists of valid characters (does not include IPv6 nor IPvFuture
  68. //  addresses as valid).
  69.  
  70. var regexUrl = /^(https?):\/\/((?:[a-z0-9.-]|%[0-9A-F]{2}){3,})(?::(\d+))?((?:\/(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*)*)(?:\?((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:\/?@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*))?(?:#((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:\/?@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*))?$/i;
  71.  
  72. //****************************************************//
  73. //**************** Validate a Mailto *****************//
  74. //****************************************************//
  75. //Validates a URI with a mailto scheme.
  76. //- The different parts are kept in their own groups and can be recombined as
  77. //  $1:$2?$3
  78. //- Does not validate the email addresses themselves.
  79.  
  80. var regexMailto = /^(mailto):((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})+)?(?:\?((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:\/?@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*))?$/i;

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Posted By: harikaram on October 15, 2010

Can URL paths really consist of "&,',! and $ unescaped?

Posted By: wizard04 on October 20, 2010

Yup. See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986

Posted By: uggnot on April 25, 2013

the only flaw i see with the the var 'regexUri' is that it allows the scheme to start with a number.

According to the spec you've linked to rfc3986 section 3.1 "Scheme" paragraph 2:

"Scheme names consist of a sequence of characters beginning with a letter and followed by any combination of letters, digits, plus ("+"), period ("."), or hyphen ("-")."

simply change the first set of parenthesis after the ^ with ([a-z][a-z0-9+.-]*).

Sorry if i came off impolite, it wasn't meant that way. This code is a WONDERFUL resource.

Posted By: uggnot on April 25, 2013

also had a problem using the regexUri variable in javascript, needed to escape the forward slashes:

var regexUri = /^([a-z][a-z0-9+.-]):(?:\/\/(?:((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()+,;=:]|%[0-9A-F]{2}))@)?((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()+,;=]|%[0-9A-F]{2}))(?::(\d))?(\/(?:[a-z0-9-.~!$&'()+,;=:@\/]|%[0-9A-F]{2}))?|(\/?(?:[a-z0-9-.~!$&'()+,;=:@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})+(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()+,;=:@\/]|%[0-9A-F]{2}))?)(?:\?((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()+,;=:\/?@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})))?(?:#((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()+,;=:\/?@]|%[0-9A-F]{2})*))?$/i;

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