var myVar = 1,
	newVar;
	
/**
 * Standard if else statement
 */
if (myVar === 1) {
	newVar = 'One';
} else {
	newVar = 'Anything else';
}

alert(newVar); //One

/**
 * Same as this standard ternary expression 
 */
newVar = (myVar === 1) ? 'One' : 'Anything else';

alert(newVar); //One

myVar = 2;

/** 
 * Embedded if statement
 */
if (myVar) {
	
	if (myVar === 1) {
		newVar = 'One';
	} else {
		newVar = 'Two';
	}
	
} else {
	newVar = 'Anything else';
} 

alert(newVar); //Two

/**
 * Same as this ternary expression
 */
newVar = (myVar) ? ((myVar == 1) ? 'One' : 'Two' ) : 'Anything else'; 

alert(newVar); //Two

myVar = 'Foo Bar'; 

/**
 * If Then Else If statement
 */
if (myVar === 1) {
	newVar = 'One';
} else if (myVar === 2) {
	newVar = 'Two';
} else {
	newVar = 'Anything else';
}

alert(newVar); //Anything else

/**
 * Same as this ternary expression
 */
newVar = (myVar == 1) ? 'One' : (myVar == 2) ? 'Two' : 'Anything else' ;

alert(newVar); //Anything else

Ternary expressions

JavaScript